3 февраля
Немецкие инженеры из института органической электроники, электронно-лучевых и плазменных технологий Фраунгофера разработали ультратонкое покрытие на основе оксида титана, которое помогает солнечным панелям очищаться от грязи. Научно-познавательный портал «Хайтек» пишет, что принцип работы покрытия основан на разной реакции на воду в зависимости от времени суток и освещения.
Оксид титана, основной компонент покрытия, в обычном состоянии отталкивает воду, образуя капли, которые легко скатываются. Но под воздействием ультрафиолетового излучения его состояние изменяется, и он начинает притягивать воду. Из-за такой особенности в дневное время поверхность остается покрытой тонким слоем жидкости.
Пыль или грязь, которые накапливаются в течение дня, не могут прилипнуть к поверхности, потому что тонкий слой воды удерживает их, объясняют авторы разработки. Ночью, когда покрытие больше не подвергается УФ-облучению, вода собирается в капли, которые легко скатываются, унося с собой грязь.
Интересно, что это не единственная особенность этого покрытия: оксид титана, активированный ультрафиолетом, также разлагает органические молекулы на поверхности действуя в качестве фотокатализатора. В результате получаются антибактериальные и стерильные поверхности. Для солнечных панелей это не требуется, но в медицинской технике найдет применение, полагают инженеры.
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