Угольные электростанции Индии будут обязаны строить мощности ВИЭ

17 ноября

Министерство энергетики Индии опубликовало рабочий документ, в котором запрашивает комментарии участников рынка по поводу введения квот на возобновляемую энергию (Renewable Generation Obligation) для тепловых электростанций (они в Индии в основном угольные).

Индия обязуется достичь углеродной нейтральности к 2070 году, а к 2030 году мощности электроэнергетики, «не связанные с ископаемым топливом», должны составлять не менее 50% установленной мощности энергосистемы. Новый документ призван способствовать достижению указанных целей, пишет издание RenEn.

В Тарифной политике страны, принятой в 2016 году, сказано, что любая генерирующая компания, собирающаяся построить тепловую электростанцию, работающую на основе угля/лигнита, должна создать мощность по производству возобновляемой энергии или закупить и поставить возобновляемую энергию, эквивалентную такой мощности, после определенной даты и в размере, устанавливаемыми центральным правительством после надлежащих консультаций с заинтересованными сторонами. «Возобновляемая энергия, производимая каждым генератором, может быть объединена с его тепловой выработкой с целью продажи».

Новый документ устанавливает эти дату и размер. После 1 апреля 2024 года при строительстве любой угольной электростанции параллельно должны создаваться мощности ВИЭ в размере не менее 25% от мощности этой угольной электростанции. Альтернативой является приобретение генерирующей компанией возобновляемой энергии в соответствующем размере.

В июне министерство энергетики Индии опубликовало похожий по смыслу документ под названием «Траектория замены тепловой генерации 58000 миллионов единиц (30000 МВт) возобновляемой энергии к 2025-26» (под «единицами» понимаются киловатт-часы). В нём определяется, что к 2025-26 финансовому году 58 ТВт*ч электроэнергии, вырабатываемой тепловыми электростанциями, должны быть заменены электроэнергией, вырабатываемой на основе ВИЭ.

В настоящее время на основе угля вырабатывается около 70% индийской электроэнергии. Доля угля в генерации будет снижаться, по прогнозу МЭА, к 2040 году она может упасть до 30% и ниже.

Согласно проекту «Плана развития электроэнергетики Индии» (Draft National Electricity Plan), доля солнечной энергетики в производстве электроэнергии Индии к 2032 году достигнет 23%, а суммарная доля солнечной и ветровой энергетики 35%. При этом установленная мощность солнечной генерации к этому сроку должна составить 333,5 ГВт.

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